Bio-mass energy in the development of our country more misunderstanding than understanding, more difficulties than support, but because of her natural beauty, and finally day by day to grow and grow.
By the end of 2016, biomass generated 63.4 billion kilowatt-hours of electricity nationwide, which is close to the annual output of the Three Gorges Power Station, a milestone.
Importantly, half of its raw materials come from agricultural and forestry wastes such as crop stalks, and the other half comes from urban garbage. That is to say, while producing clean electric energy, it can alleviate the two major environmental diseases of open field burning of stalks and urban garbage, so it has dual environmental protection functions.
We have also done well in increasing farmers’ incomes and targeting poverty alleviation.
According to the International Energy Organization IEA data, molding fuel heating in the global biomass energy market ranked first, but China’s share is very small, the annual consumption in 2016 is only 8 million tons, or in 2013 after the national haze outbreak began to pay attention to and develop.
Grg haze must be pressed coal, the difficulty of coal pressing lies in the annual consumption of about 270 million tons of Te coal more than 500 thousand small and medium-sized coal-fired boilers below 20 tons.
They are highly dispersed, small in volume and difficult to burn cleanly.
“Coal to gas” is good, but not realistic, molding fuel heating is undoubtedly the best option.
It is planned to reach 30 million tons in the 13th Five-Year Plan period, with 100 million tons possible in 2030.
And biomass power generation, molding fuel heating is also solid biomass as raw materials, both raw materials and capacity of the dual environmental protection functions, as well as agricultural benefits.
In the first decade of the 21st century, when Germany’s industrial biogas and biogas grew from more than 800 to more than 5,000, generating (when) more electricity than hydro, China was steered away from rural household biogas until a few years ago.
In the summer of 2013, Professor Cheng and I wrote a joint letter to Premier Li Keqiang on the development of bio-natural gas in China.
‘Anaerobic fermentation has the highest energy and material conversion efficiency among biomass energy conversion methods,’ the letter reads.
Net greenhouse gas emissions for the full life cycle (LCA) of fossil natural gas are 398 grams, while biogas made from livestock and poultry manure are minus 414 grams.
Compared with diesel and gasoline vehicles, vehicle bio-gas can reduce emission of particulate matter and CO2 by 90%.
In addition, my major is soil science. In the process of biomass combustion at high temperature, more than ten kinds of plant nutrient elements such as phosphorus, manganese, zinc and iron are consolidated and fail to be recycled to the soil, while anaerobic fermentation can not only recycle to the soil, but also be in an organic state.
Biogas has just started in China, but the commercialized technology and equipment have become mature.
The National Energy Administration and the Ministry of Agriculture have made great efforts to promote the production of 8 billion m3 in the 13th Five-Year Plan, and the investment accounts for about 60% of the total biomass energy.
Estimated production capacity in 2030 will reach 40 billion m3, 5 billion m3 more than fossil gas imports from the North Russian pipeline.
We are even more encouraged by President Xi Jinping’s speech at the 14th meeting of the Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Affairs at the end of 2016.
“To promote clean heating in winter in the northern region is crucial to the warmth of the people in the northern region and the reduction of smog days. It is an important part of the revolution in energy production and consumption and the revolution in rural life style.”
“Accelerating the disposal and recycling of waste from livestock and poultry farming has a bearing on the working and living environment of over 600 million rural residents, the energy revolution in rural areas, and the ability to improve soil fertility and control agricultural non-point source pollution. This is a great good that will benefit the country and the people in the long run.
We should adhere to the policy of government support and market-oriented operation of enterprises, take biogas and bio-gas as the main treatment direction, and use local and nearby energy and agricultural organic fertilizer in rural areas as the main use direction, and strive to basically solve the problem of waste treatment and resource utilization of large-scale poultry storage farms in the period of the 13th Five-Year Plan.”
Note that in his speech, President Xi linked biogas production to the recycling of organic waste such as livestock and poultry manure, smog control and concern for people’s lives.
Finally, liquid biofuel, which is the earliest start in China, the longest detour of a kind.
At first, aging grain ethanol got off to a wrong start, and then it was put on cellulosic ethanol, which could not be attacked for a long time.
In recent years, a new approach has been developed in the world, from the biological platform to the thermochemical platform and breakthroughs have been made.
The raw material is no longer starch and oil but lignocellulose, and the product is no longer low quality fuel oil but high grade biodiesel and light oil.
To our delight, Wuhan Kaidi has been standing on the technological highland and in the leading position in the world.
A biodiesel plant with an annual output of 200,000 tons will be put into operation in China next year, which will be of epoch-making significance.
Technology breakthrough brings raw material breakthrough, raw material breakthrough brings raw material origin breakthrough.
The feedstock for biomass power generation, molding fuel heating and biogas comes mainly from organic waste from fields and woodlands, while thermalization can be used to produce high-grade liquid fuels from marginal lands that cannot grow crops but can grow resilient energy crops.
Now, how much of this marginal land is there?
The data we obtained from the Ministry of Land and Resources and the State Forestry Administration in 2014 was 166 million hectares.
It is so exciting. It is actually 700 million mu more than 1.8 billion mu of farmland in China. It is really a huge biomass energy “gold mine”.
How much biomass can be produced from 1.66 hectares of marginal land?
Post time: Jun-18-2021